Faisal bin AL-Hussein and the Arab Identity between Colonial Stress and Nationalists' Orders (1918-1920)

Abstract

This research studies an important period of the Arabic struggle. It basically concentrates on the Prince Feisal's attitude during that period. This Study is divided into five points. The first point presents the stage of establishing the Arabian government and the conference of reconciliation and how the prince Faisal lived that time of conflict. The second point discusses the foundation of the first Syrian conference and the prince's expert in ordering those ambitions to face the enemies. The third point is about replacement law and withdrawal operation of British Force and nationalist’s attitude. The fourth point is about the Arabic reaction and severe political attitude of nationalists against the colonial ambitions by announcement the autonomy. The last point sheds light on the armed straggle stage and end the era of political negotiations.

Study Questions: This study attempts to answer several questions including:1- The possibility of the Arab government remaining in Damascus as a model for independent Arab rule?  2 - The extent of the steadfastness of Prince Faisal bin al-Hussein in front of the pressures of     colonial powers in the region.3 - Will the Arab national forces remain with Faisal and support him or will there be divisions in the unity of the national row as a result of external interventions, or ideas of internal opposition to the rule of Prince Faisal?4 - The vast and large difference between the potential of the colonial powers in the region and the potential of national forces and local government in various fields, especially military ones. And how to address this difficult equation. And other questions with answers in the folds of research. The Methodology: The study is based on descriptive and analytical historical methodology, in which historical information is analyzed and analyzed according to historical historical data aimed at clarifying the unitary role of the Syrian national movement and its standing alongside Prince Faisal to form the first Arab government to stand against colonialism. The boundaries of the study: 1- The temporal boundaries are related to the historical period in which the study was established. This is the period of the establishment of the Arab government in Damascus (1918-1920). 2- The spatial boundaries are the location of the events and the location of the Arab government, namely the Levant region (Syria) This government.3- The objective limits: The subject of the study is (Faisal bin Hussein And the Arab identity between colonial pressures and national demands 1918-1920). Results: The study reached important results, including:

• There is no credibility for political British men or any colonist.


• The Arab and National people have no Knowledge about the real strength of colonial Side.


• The prince Faisal could not convince the two sides about the fact of the problem.