Political developments and their repercussions on the military establishment in the Ottoman Empire (1910-1913)

Abstract

The Ottoman Empire entered into a major dilemma in the wake of the Ottoman coup of 1908 and ousted Sultan Abdul Hamid II in 1909. The members of the Union and Progressive Society took over the reins of government and the military intervened in the country's policy, controlled the fate of the minorities and led to the collapse of the internal front. This policy has caused a rift in its internal and external relations, especially with the European countries. Because of  the mismanagement of the government of the Union and the progress. The Balkan Wars 1912-1913 broke out. As a result of the manipulation and fraud practiced by the federalists in the elections of April 1912, the majority of seats in the parliament led the rescue officers (Khalaskar officers) rebellion movement and managed to displace the federalists and took over the country's Freedom Party.