Cartographic representation of equal pressure line rates for selected stations from Iraq

Abstract

Although the person living on the surface of the Earth, whether in the near or medium altitudes, does not feel the pressure and the fluctuations in time and space, as he feels the changes of other elements of climate (temperature, wind, relative humidity, rain). However, the man who goes up the high mountains as the value of atmospheric pressure to a large extent to reach the height of 5000 m to half of what is at sea level, it will feel many of the direct effects in his body, which is insomnia, headaches and fainting, and in return, which drops to the low levels below The surface of the sea several hundred meters will feel very disturbed by the full change in the pressure value ().

Atmospheric pressure also has indirect effects on humans through its effects on human activities, as atmospheric pressure affects other climate elements. These elements have a significant impact on human life either directly or indirectly. Atmospheric pressure is the effective force in creating horizontal wind movements, and without variations in atmospheric pressure values from one region to another, no wind will occur.

    Scientists and researchers were interested in studying atmospheric pressure because of its obvious effect on the natural structure, especially the elements of the atmosphere. After the expansion of knowledge and research after the First World War, scientists were interested in studying the upper atmosphere. Atmospheric pressure levels. Therefore, several forms of atmospheric pressure have been identified in the upper atmosphere. Each level has certain characteristics, ranging from sea level to high altitudes in the troposphere as well as to each shape or pattern of atmospheric pressure. To help in the lineup